Refrigerant handling, as per the Department of Environment (DOE) Act and the Malaysian Clean and Sustainable Technology Program (CSTP) Certification, requires technicians to adhere to strict guidelines to ensure the safe and environmentally responsible management of refrigerants. Under the Act, only certified professionals are authorized to handle, recover, and dispose of refrigerants, including those with high Global Warming Potential (GWP) and ozone-depleting properties. The CSTP certification ensures that technicians are well-trained in the correct procedures for refrigerant recovery, leak detection, and safe handling practices, in compliance with environmental regulations. This certification emphasizes minimizing refrigerant emissions, proper disposal methods, and the use of environmentally friendly alternatives to reduce the impact on the ozone layer and global warming, ultimately contributing to sustainable environmental practices in the refrigeration and air conditioning industry.